Tajikistan facts, information, pictures . The national emblem is centered in the white stripe. ANTHEM: The flag consists of a broad white horizontal stripe in the center, with a red stripe at the top and a green stripe at the bottom. The national emblem is centered in the white stripe. MONETARY UNIT: The Tajik ruble (tr) was replaced by the somoni in October 2. Comparatively, it is slightly smaller than the state of Wisconsin with a total area of 1. Tajikistan's boundary length totals 3,6. Its capital city, Dushanbe, is located in the western part of the country. The topography of Tajikistan features the Pamir and Alai mountains which dominate the landscape. The western Fergana Valley lies in the north with the Kafirnigan and Vakhsh valleys in the southwest. The major geographic feature in the south is the Panj River, which separates southern Tajikistan from northern Afghanistan. The country is located in a seismically active area near the borders of the Eurasian and Indian Tectonic Plates. THE YEAR WAS 1979 AND THE place was the state capitol in Sacramento, Calif. Assemblyman Art Torres, chairman of the Health Committee, introduced a bill to the. There a many different psychological models of criminal behavior ranging from early Freudian notions to later cognitive and social psychological models. The Inspiration - There's more to batteries than you might think. We think of a battery today as a source of portable power, but it is no exaggeration to. FREE help with Scottish Family Tree & Genealogy from Scotland's largest free family tree website. Happy Haggis Happy to Help. Earthquakes are common in this region. The climate ranges from semiarid to polar. In the semiarid regions, extreme temperatures have reached 4. In the eastern Pamirs, winter temperatures have dropped as low as - 6. The national mean temperature in July is 3. The mean temperature in January is 0. Rainfall in most of the country averages 7. Most of the forested areas are coniferous, with some walnut trees found in stands at lower mountain slopes. The origin of the Doukhobor movement dates to the 17th- and 18th-century Russian Empire. Believing in God's presence in every human being, these. Charlotte Mew Chronology with mental, historical and geographical connections linking with her own words, and listing her essays, stories, poems and friends. How public education cripples our kids, and why. I taught for thirty years in some of the worst schools in Manhattan, and in some of the best, and during that time I. Free religious pluralism papers, essays, and research papers. The western steppes contain low shrubs and drought- resistant grasses and serve as habitats for such animals as deer, wolves, foxes, and badgers. Wildflowers, such as poppies and even tulips, can be found in the valleys. Marco Polo sheep, yak, snow leopards, Siberian horned goats, and a rare markhor can be found in mountains. Bears, wild boar, and lynx are also common in the lower mountain regions. As of 2. 00. 2, there were at least 8. Industrial emissions and excessive use of pesticides are leading causes of environmental damage in Tajikistan. Over the last 3. 0 years, increased irrigation to support agricultural activity has resulted in harmful levels of soil salinity, which damage the soil and threaten its productivity. The nation's water supply is threatened by pollution and inadequate sanitation facilities. Overutilization of the shrinking Aral Sea for irrigation purposes has caused it to become polluted. As of 2. 00. 3, 4. Ramsar wetland sites. According to a 2. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), threatened species included seven types of mammals, nine species of birds, one type of reptile, three species of fish, two species of invertebrates, and two species of plants. Threatened species include the argali, Aral salmon, Tadjik markhor, tiger, and snow leopard. The population of Tajikistan in 2. United Nations (UN) at 6,8. In 2. 00. 5, approximately 4% of the population was over 6. There were 9. 9 males for every 1. According to the UN, the annual population rate of change for 2. Despite the fact that population growth has slowed significantly. The projected population for the year 2. The overall population density was 4. The UN estimated that 2. The capital city, Dushanbe, had a population of 5. Khudzhand (formerly Leninabad) had a population of about 1. As a result of the civil war that began in 1. Northern Afghanistan by January 1. By April 1. 99. 7, virtually all of the internally displaced people had returned to their homes. When the peace agreement was reached in June 1. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) completed the repatriation of Tajik refugees from northern Afghanistan to Tajikistan. In 1. 99. 8 the UNHCR started the voluntary repatriation of Tajik refugees from other countries. By 1. 99. 9, some 2. The total number of migrants in 2. In 2. 00. 4, there were 3,3. The net migration rate in 2. Worker remittances in 2. According to a 2. Tajiks account for about 7. Uzbeks (who live in the northwest) for about 1. The Russian population, declining because of emigration, comprises only about 1. Kyrgyz also accounted for 1. Other varied ethnic groups made up the remaining 2. Tajiki, the official language is an Indo- European language, related to Farsi and Pashto. Russian is widely used as the language of international communication in government and business. Uzbeki is spoken in regions predominantly inhabited by Uzbeks. The Tajiki language has no genders or cases, and its vocabulary is borrowed from Arabic, Uzbeki, and Russian. Since the 1. 94. 0s, the Tajik alphabet has been a modified version of the Russian Cyrillic alphabet. Since the adoption of Tajiki as the national language, instruction of the Arabic- based Persian alphabet in schools has been encouraged, with teaching materials provided by Iran. An estimated 9. 5% of citizens are nominally Muslims. About 9. 0% of the Muslim population is Sunni and about 7% are Shia. There are approximately 2. Christians, mostly ethnic Russians. The largest Christian group is the Russian Orthodox Church; however, there are also Baptists, Roman Catholics, Seventh- Day Adventists, Korean Protestants, Lutherans, and Jehovah's Witnesses. Other religious minorities include Baha'is, Zoroastrians, Hare Krishnas, and Jews, each totaling less than 1% of the population. The constitution provides for religious freedom, but there have been some restrictions on this right in practice. All religious groups must register with the State Committee on Religious Affairs (SCRA). The SCRA monitors the activities of all religious groups in order to insure that they are not becoming overtly political. As of 2. 00. 4, there were some 4. Tajikistan, all of it broad gauge. A 2. 58- km (1. 60- mi) line connects Dushanbe with Termez, Uzbekistan, and ultimately with the other rail systems of the former Soviet Union. In 2. 00. 2, there were some 2. The major roads connect Khudzhand in the north to Kulyab in the south via Dushanbe. Only one main road services the eastern Gorno- Badakhshanskaya region, meandering from Khrough to Kyrgyzstan. Transportation in urban areas has suffered in recent years, primarily because supplies of gasoline from Russia have become unreliable. Roads connecting residential suburban areas with cities are not designed to handle large volumes of commuter traffic. Dushanbe has a system of electric trolleys and gas powered buses, but operation has been erratic due to a lack of spare parts and fuel. As of 2. 00. 3, Tajikistan had 2. Vakhsh River. Tajikistan had an estimated 5. In 2. 00. 3, the country's airlines carried about 4. The territory of Tajikistan has been continuously inhabited since the early Stone Age. The first Central Asian states of Sogdia and Bactria in the first millennium bc, included portions of Tajikistan. The territory was Persian- controlled from the 6th century bc, until conquered by Alexander the Great in 3. Much of Tajikistan was included in the Greco- Bactrian kingdom in 3rd century bc, and after displaced by the Tochari tribes who invaded Sogdia a century later. The Kushana kingdom was established in the first centuries of the Christian era, when a number of cities were established, and agriculture and commerce grew. In the 5th and 6th centuries, parts of Tajikistan were conquered by nomadic tribes, the Chionites and, later, the Ephthalites. At the end of the 6th century the large Ephthalite empire was displaced by the Eastern Turkic Kaganate. Arabs conquered the area in the 8th century, introducing Islam. Later in the 9th century they were displaced by the Samanides, who encouraged the development of trade and of material culture. From the 1. 0th to the 1. Central Asia; among the ones which included parts of Tajikistan were the Ghaznavids, the Karakhanids, the Ghorids, the Karakitai, and the Khwarazmites. In 1. 21. 9. Tajikistan became part of the lands given to Genghiz Khan's son, Chagatai. In the 1. 4th century Timur (Tamerlane) created a large empire, with its capital in Samarqand. Samarkand). In the 1. Tajikistan was conquered by the Sheibanids, who had their capital in Bukhoro (Bukhara). Portions of territory were included later in the Ashtarkhanid state and then in the Kokand Khanate, which emerged in the Fergana Valley in the mid- 1. Present- day Tajikistan was split between the Khanates of Bukhoro (Bukhara) and Kokand in the 1. In 1. 86. 3, Russia asserted a right to exercise dominance in Central Asia, and began the military conquest of the khanates. Bukhoro (Bukhara) and Samarqand (Samarkand) were incorporated into Russia in 1. Kokand was eliminated in 1. Afghanistan was set by accord with England in 1. At that point, part of Tajikistan was in the Emirate of Bukhara, part was in Turkestan. When the Tsar's draft call- up of 1. Central Asia, including in Tajikistan. These were suppressed, at great loss of life. Northern Tajikistan was conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1. Bukhara was captured, in 1. Muslim guerrilla warfare termed the Basmachi Rebellion was finally suppressed in 1. Tajikistan was established as an autonomous republic within the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in 1. The republic became a full Soviet Socialist Republic in 1. Border delineations in Central Asia were very arbitrary. For several hundred years educated Central Asians had used Persian and Turkic languages essentially equally, so that separation into Turkic- speaking Uzbeks and Persian- speaking Tajiks, as if to create separate nationalities, was primarily administrative. Bukhoro. (Bukhara) and Samarqand (Samarkand), the major Tajik cities, were included in Uzbekistan, while Tajikistan was left only with smaller cities, and little arable land. People were forced to assume one nationality or another. In the late Soviet period Tajikistan was the poorest and least developed of the republics. It comprised four separate areas, the elites of which competed for power. Traditionally power was held by people from Khojent, which is geographically and culturally closest to Uzbekistan's Fergana valley. They were contested by families and clans from Kulyab, south of Dushanbe.
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